The Trials and Tribulations Faced In One’s Youth :: Personal Narratives Peer Pressure Essays

The Trials and Tribulations Faced In Ones Youth My sustenance has been filled throughout with influences both good and bad. My high school, although plain and simple from the outside, was anything but on the inside. My high school was known for its academic excellence and its untold flush attendance area. But, few non and even some who were associated with my school knew of the problem within. A problem that would even be ignored even when it came right on to the forefront of the local news. I never knew that drugs could become such a large part of my life, even without doing them. I never expected to ever begin myself in trouble in a drug related incident. But, throughout my time in high school I just did what every otherwise person did and ignored it. But I escaped the problem, others werent as lucky.My whole life I could not wait to get to high school. I guess it was always conveyed to me to be the best years of my life. So you can imagine how ecstatic I was to finally began attending Sabino High School in Tucson, Arizona. Home to around fifteen hundred or so students. A school set in a nice community, that was always supportive. It always had much parent backing, and the test scores from the school were some of the best in the state, competing with those scores of private schools. There was a problem though, one that would be ignored throughout my class tenure there. As a senior I found myself trapped in a school filled with narcotic gross sales and use. I even found some of my closest friends involved, and none of them were left with a care in the world. My best friend Zane kept his problem from me. It was not until later that he would admit to participating in any sort of drug activity. He would later tell me that throughout our junior year he used cocaine regularly. I knew nothing of this, and as his best friend worried about him when I did find out. I remember being so mad when he told me about his use of cocaine for that year because peopl e would always tell me that they heard that he was doing it, and I always stuck for him and said that it was a lie.

Coke Business Study :: essays research papers

Business Summary     Coca Cola is the worlds largest producer of soft drink concentrates and syrups, as well as the worldss largest producer ofjuice and juice-drink products, The company holds a 45% interest in Coca Cola Enterprises, its largest bottler.     The Beverages division primarily manufactures soft drink and non-carbonated beverages and syrups, which are change to unaffiliated and company-owned bottling and canning operations, as well as, green wholesalers. Brands include Coca-Cola classic ( best selling soft drink in the world), Caffeine free Coca-Cola Classic, Diet Coke ( sold as Coke light in foreign markets), Cherry Coke, diet Cherry Coke, Fanta, Sprite, diet Sprite, Barqs, Mr. PIBB, Mello Yello, Tab, Fresca, Power Aide, Minute Maid, Fruitopia and other products developed for specific markets, including tabun ready to drink coffees.     The Foods division is the worlds largest maker and distributor ofjuice and juice-drink products. Brands include Minute Maid, Five Alive, Bright & Early, Hi-C And Bacardi.History     Coke was invented in 1886, by capital of Georgia pharmacist John S. Pemberton, It was named by Frank- Robinson (Pembertons bookkeeper), after its two main ingredients, coca leaves and Kola nuts, In 1891 the company was sold to druggist Asa Candler for $2.300, and by 1895 the soda fountain drink was available in all US states, and expanded to Candia and Mexico by 1898,     Candier sold most of the US bottling rights in 1899 to Benjamin Thomas and John whitehead of Chattanooga for $1.00. With the backing of John Lupton, Thomas and Whitehead developed a regional franchise bottling system, expanding to over 1,000 bottlers within 20 years. The bottlers used the contoured bottle knowing by the C.J. Root Glass Company in 1916,     In 1916 Candler retired to become Atiantas mayor his family sold the company to Atlant a banker Ernest Woodruff for $25 million in 1919, that same year Coca-Cola went public. In 1923 Wooddruff appointed his son Robert president. Robert continued as chairman until 1942 and remained influential until his death in 1985 at the age of 95-     Robert Woodruffs contribution were in adverting and overseas expansion. During NnrWIl Woodrtiff decreed that every soldier would have access to a 5-cent bottle of Coke. With government assistance Coca-Cola built 64 overseas bottling plants during WKVII. Also during this distributor point the company accepted "Coke" as an official brand name.     In 1960 Coca-Cola brought Ntinute Maid and introduced Sprite in 1961, Tab in 1963 and Diet Coke in 1882. In 1981 Woodruff was succeeded by Roberto Goizueta, a Yale educated chemical engineer, who rose through the ranks.

Hamlet’s Gentle Ophelia Essay -- The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays

Hamlets Gentle Ophelia William Shakespeare created a gentle little creature in the character of Ophelia in the tragedy Hamlet. Her strange misfortunes, as well as other circumstances, make her life an interesting one to explore in this essay. hold and Trent in The Cambridge History of English and Ameri mickle Literature maintain that Ophelia is interesting in herself, aside from her relationship with the hero Of Ophelia, and Polonius, and the queen and all the rest, not to point of reference Hamlet himself (in whose soul it would be absurd to attempt to discover new points here), after this we need not say anything. But it is observable that they are not, as in the case of Coriolanus, interesting merely or mainly for their connection with the hero, but in themselves. (vol.5, pt.1, ch.8, sec.16, no.55) Helena Faucit (Lady Martin) in On Some of Shakespeares Female Characters reveals the be amiss character of Ophelia My views of Shakespeares women have been wont to take their shape in the living portraiture of the stage, and not in words. I have, in imagination, lived their lives from the very beginning to the oddment and Ophelia, as I have pictured her to myself, is so unlike what I hear and read about her, and have seen represented on the stage, that I can scarcely hope to make any one think of her as I do. It hurts me to hear her spoken of, as she often is, as a timid creature, wanting in truthfulness, in purpose, in force of character, and only interesting when she loses the little wits she had. And yet who can wonder that a character so delicately out communication channeld, and shaded in with touches so fine, should be often gravely misunderstood? (186) Ophelia enters the play with her ... ...s 6.1 (May, 2000) 2.1-24 . Pennington, Michael. Ophelia Madness Her Only Safe Haven. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. of Hamlet A Users Guide. New York Limelight Editions, 1996. Pitt, Angela. Women in Shakespeares Tragedies. Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint of Shakespeares Women. N.p. n.p., 1981. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http//www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html No line nos. Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York G.P. Putnams Sons, 190721 New York Bartleby.com, 2000 http//www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html

Towards Clarity and Boredom :: Writing Writers Education English Essays

Towards Clarity and BoredomBegrudgingly Admitting the Usefulness of Style Books When God stood over the Earth, report has it he decreed that he felt the need to punish English Students everywhere. His response was swift and to the point he gave the world Style Guides. Taking the loose guys cue, William Strunk Jr, E.B.White and Joseph Williams all set about to unhorse that path and frustrate writers and students everywhere. Mission accomplished. However boring they might be, they do, in fact, help light the path to writing and proper English style. In the end, while both accommodates might be on the dry side, they both are great resources and oftentimes plug the others holes. Dealing with The Elements of Style first, its very clear to me that both Strunk and White really hated going over the akin discovers again and again year after year with each new crop of Freshmen every semester. That mootms to be the overall tone of the book. You can almost se e the kind of guy who wrote this a foppish older book possibly British who stands over you and berates you over the do and donts of proper semi-colon usage. Sounds like a blast. While definitely not a rock and roll show by any stretch, The Elements of Style has several(prenominal) perks outside the content. First thing is that the book is only 85 pages. 85 Pages is something that, maybe, a student could read on a public bus on the way to an English class. Its small, sleek, partnership and easy to reference from. Also, its been written in a style that interjects some humor into the rather vanilla topic. Finally, Strunk and White keep it light. There isnt anything more then the rule, a few examples and a brief passage about the rule. Nothing more, nothing less. Personally, there were a few rules from the list of several hundred that will benefit me in my present and future writing endeavors. Do not break sentences in two (Strunk and White 7) is a rule that is good to keep handy.

Human Genome Project Essay -- essays research papers fc

OutlineThesis Large corporations, such as insurance companies, and giving medications are looking to save gold on future policyholders through the use of genetic testing.General information on the Human Genome ProjectTime of discussion leading up to effectuationWho was involvedWhere does the funding come fromInsurance Companies and discriminationDiscrimination against unborn childrenGenetic testing for &8220bad or un motiveed traitsFix vs. AbortNot application unborn with unwanted traitsDenying Benefits to Current MembersForcing Genetic test to continue coverageNot covering spouses, children, etc.. who come up &8220BadDenying coverage to new members1. New members who want to join but have unwanted traits People switching jobs that need insurance but can&8217t get itGovernments Benefits to people with unwanted traits willing government protect people with a predisposition to recklessnessWill governments provide benefits for people with predisposition to genetic disorders?WelfareW ill welfare be provided to people with genetic predisposition not to workWill the government try to alter people on welfareMilitaryWill the armed services attempt to genetically alter persons to become greater soldiers or officers?Will the newly found technologies be used to engineer biological weapons?CorporationsWill corporations bespeak genetic testing to be performed as a term of hire?Will corporations issue genetic testing to employees to determine job position?EugenicsA. circumscribe EugenicsB.Creating a &8220Custom Child1.Ability2.EthicsPrivacy and ethical views on genetic testingGeneral concerns of privacyDiscrimination from insurance companiesDiscrimination from government policiesDiscrimination from employersWho should now the results of a genetic test?Individuals should knowEmployers should not knowGovernment should not knowInsurance should not knowfar-flung views on the ethical issues of genetic testingPhysicians and their viewsViews of the general publicDiscussion on t he Negative Implications of the Information Derived from the Human Genome ProjectShould man govern character? This is a question that has been posed more often recently than ever. Human will soon know the secret to life and be able to ... ...t on their practices, but do expect major clinical changes in the future (Fetters 1).Although the Human Genome Project will bring upon many aspects that will be near for generations to come, there are too many negative implications that will turn a lot of cheeks. Supporters of this effort will in the future regret their choice. at that place will be employment and insurance barriers due to genetic testing. Perhaps the worst part about the government implications is the biological military applications that will do destructive biological weapons. Man should not and could not govern nature. Nature has always prevailed from the beginning of time. Man has finally sealed his own fate.Works CitedBegley, Sharon. &8220 former Babies. Newsweek 9 Nove mber 19981-4Bereano, Phil. &8220The Politics of DNA&8217s Meaning. Tikku September 199923Branfman, Fred. &8220The Gene is Out of the Bottle. 9 December 1999.Fetters, Michael D. &8220Family Physicians&8217 Perspectives on Genetics and the Human Genome Project. JAMA 24 November 1999 1,902.Lee, doubting Thomas F. The Human Genome Project Cracking the Genetic Code of Life New York Plenum, 1991.

Human Genome Project Essay -- essays research papers fc

OutlineThesis Large corporations, such as insurance companies, and disposals are looking to save capital on future policyholders through the use of genetic testing.General information on the Human Genome ProjectTime of discussion leading up to carrying into actionWho was involvedWhere does the funding come fromInsurance Companies and discriminationDiscrimination against unborn childrenGenetic testing for &8220bad or unneedinessed traitsFix vs. AbortNot applications programme unborn with unwanted traitsDenying Benefits to Current MembersForcing Genetic test to continue coverageNot covering spouses, children, etc.. who come up &8220BadDenying coverage to new members1. New members who want to join but have unwanted traits People switching jobs that need insurance but can&8217t get itGovernments Benefits to people with unwanted traits volition government protect people with a predisposition to recklessnessWill governments provide benefits for people with predisposition to genetic di sorders?WelfareWill welfare be provided to people with genetic predisposition not to workWill the government try to alter people on welfareMilitaryWill the host attempt to genetically alter persons to become greater soldiers or officers?Will the newly found technologies be used to engineer biological weapons?CorporationsWill corporations expect genetic testing to be performed as a term of hire?Will corporations issue genetic testing to employees to determine job position?EugenicsA. mend EugenicsB.Creating a &8220Custom Child1.Ability2.EthicsPrivacy and ethical views on genetic testingGeneral concerns of privacyDiscrimination from insurance companiesDiscrimination from government policiesDiscrimination from employersWho should now the results of a genetic test?Individuals should knowEmployers should not knowGovernment should not knowInsurance should not know widespread views on the ethical issues of genetic testingPhysicians and their viewsViews of the general publicDiscussion on t he Negative Implications of the Information Derived from the Human Genome ProjectShould man govern reputation? This is a question that has been posed more often recently than ever. Human will soon know the secret to life and be able to ... ...t on their practices, but do expect major clinical changes in the future (Fetters 1).Although the Human Genome Project will bring upon many aspects that will be full for generations to come, there are too many negative implications that will turn a lot of cheeks. Supporters of this effort will in the future regret their choice. on that point will be employment and insurance barriers due to genetic testing. Perhaps the worst part about the government implications is the biological military applications that will engender destructive biological weapons. Man should not and could not govern nature. Nature has always prevailed from the beginning of time. Man has finally sealed his own fate.Works CitedBegley, Sharon. &8220 condition Babies. News week 9 November 19981-4Bereano, Phil. &8220The Politics of DNA&8217s Meaning. Tikku September 199923Branfman, Fred. &8220The Gene is Out of the Bottle. 9 December 1999.Fetters, Michael D. &8220Family Physicians&8217 Perspectives on Genetics and the Human Genome Project. JAMA 24 November 1999 1,902.Lee, doubting Thomas F. The Human Genome Project Cracking the Genetic Code of Life New York Plenum, 1991.

During those times when I have lost hope Essay

I cannot imagine life history with disclose Christina. In fact, I cannot remember a clip in my life when she was not there with me or for me. More than best friends, we are like sisters. We shop together and we talk about everything and anything. And just like sisters, we too wear our own fair character of misunderstandings and arguments but in the end, it is our bond of friendship that makes us kiss and make up. Christina was not my best friend when I was younger. In fact, we did not like for distributively one other. She was the type who was always hanging around with the cooler little girls in school while I was the one who was always hanging around with the guys.So she was the princess and I was the tomboy. We could hardly look at each other because our crowds were of two completely different worlds. But an unfortunate event happened that made us talk to each other. You realize, Christina and I were neighbors. And on that fateful rainy spring day, I got locked out of my h ouse while my parents were out of town for a conference. I had to knock on the door of Christinas house and her family let me stay until my parents got home. It was then that we realized that we were not re all toldy that different from each other.We liked the same movies and the same shape of music. From then on, we started hanging out in school and after school. Christina is a very optimistic person, the complete opposite of how I am. I always see the worse in things while she always saw the sunshine after the rain. During the lowest times of my life, she was there to cheer me up and always reminded me that there is no problem big enough that cannot be solved. She always told me that the problems that come my way are just challenges in life that I must overcome to get under ones skin a stronger and much mature person.During those times when I have lost hope, her hug or simple pat on the shoulder would make everything all proficient because she makes me feel that I do not have to go through life alone. It is from Christina that I have learned that there is something good in every person and in every thing. I must admit that I am a very judgmental person but Christina has influenced me to be more open minded about how I perceive the people I meet and the things that I encounter. She would constantly tell me the cliche dont forecast a book by its cover and I would just laugh her off.But then she would remind me of the circumstances on how we started becoming friends. And shes right that by her appearance alone, I will choose not to be friends with her. But she is also correct that since I took time to get to know her, I learned that her appearance alone does not define her entire being. Now, I am very careful with how I interact with people and that before I dismiss them and not want anything to do with them, I try to talk to them first and get to know a little bit of them to see if we have things in common.Another good thing that I have learned from Chri stina is how to take a break from school and all the other stressful extra-curricular activities that I have. I come from a very demanding family when it comes to school and my parents do not realize how much pressure they put on me to do well in school. So there are times when I would be awake for days, trying to prepare for an exam or a paper and would miss out on parties and shopping with friends. Christina taught me the importance of balance in life. For one, she is the type of student who can go to a party every weekend and yet unsounded manage to get those As in school.She constantly reminds me that rest is important and that there is no use in studying all the time if I would be too tired or weary to take the exams. I have learned that there is a time for everything and that balance is insepar adapted to keep myself sane. But by far, the most important thing that Christina has taught me is how to love myself. My insecurities are like little battles for me everyday. When my boyfriend broke up with me for a girl who looked like a supermodel, all my insecurities started to envelope me. I started hating and doubting myself.There came a point when I found nothing good about myself and started wasting away my life away. But Christina was there to pick me up and to shake some sense into my head. She, with some other friends, talked to me through some sort of intervention and told me all the good things that they see in me. They pounded in my head that unless and until I start seeing the good in myself, I will never be able to offer what I have to other people and that if I didnt believe in myself, then other people will start losing their organized religion in me as well. It was not easy to bounce back into the life I used to have the more focused and idealistic me.But I am grateful that Christina was with me every step of the way, helping me collect the pieces of my life and putting them back together, as if completing a puzzle. Differences brought me and Christina together as friends. And it is differences that go on to bind us. I no longer consider Christina as my best friend but as my sister, someone that has shaped my life and continues to shape my life for the better. I just wish that someday I can give back to her everything that she has done for me as my way of saying how grateful I am that she is a part of my life.

Earhquake in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia

On December 26, 2004, mass destruction and devastation was the result of a large earth tremble off of the West Coast of Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The quake began in the early morning on Sunday at 75853 AM, and wreaked butchery on thousands in the affected celestial orbits. BBC News reported on the earthquake, stating that Sundays tremor the fourth largest since 1990 had a particularly widespread effect because it seems to put on taken place just below the surface of the ocean, analysts say (BBC News). The earthquake had signifi tusht effect on the region and the people living in these regions.not only was the earthquake damaging and devastating, but the quake was also the cause of a correlated tsunami that caused redden more than damage and destruction to the area. This earthquake is the largest resultant in the world in 40 years, and produced the to the highest degree devastating tsunami recorded in history (Lay). Coastal communities across S verbotenh Asia and more than 4,000 km away in Africa were swept away and homes engulfed by waves up to 10 m high after the quake created a tsunami that sped across the ocean (BBC News). The geographic location of the Earthquake in absolute location is 3. 316?North, 95. 854? East and the proportional location of the quake was off the West Coast of Northern Sumatra, which was 155 miles South south-east of Banda Aceh, Sumatra Indonesia, and 185 miles West of Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia (USGS). The earthquake that shook the West of Northern Sumatra, Indonesia, as well as many other neighboring countries, was of a great 9. 0 magnitude on the Richter scale. At the source of the earthquake, the interface between the India denture and the Burma plate dips close 10 degrees to the east-northeast. The subducting plate dips more steeply at greater depths(USGS).The quake occurred when the Earths rancor, a 1,200 km segment of the crust, shifted beneath the Indian sea, as far as 10 to 20 meters below (Marshall). As the crust shifted and the quake went into motion, a substantial amount of energy was released. Energy released by this oerwhelming earthquake was an estimated 20X1017 Joules, or 475,000 kilotons (475 megatons) of TNT, or the equivalent of 23,000 Nagasaki bombs (Marshall). All of this stored stretchable energy that was released by the earthquake, in turn initiated the uplift of the seafloor and the displacement of billions of gallons of seawater (Marshall).These shells lead to a massive tsunami. Over a period of 10 hours, the tsunami triggered by the quake struck the coasts of over 12 countries (Marshall). The region where the great earthquake occurred on 26 December 2004, marks the seismic boundary formed by the movement of the Indo-Australian plate as it collides with the Burma subplate, which is part of the Eurasian plate (Pararas-Carayannis). For millions of years the India tectonic plate has drifted and moved in a north/northeast direction, colliding with the Eurasian tecto nic plate and forming the Himalayan Mountains.As a result of such migration and collision with both the Eurasian and the Australian tectonic plates, the Indian plates eastern boundary is a diffuse zone of seismicity and deformation, characterized by the extensive faulting and numerous large earthquakes (Pararas-Carayannis). Previous major earthquakes eat occurred further north, in the Andaman ocean and further South along the Sumatra, Java and Sunda section of one of the earths greatest fault zones, a subduction zone known as the Sunda Trench. Slippage and plate subduction make this region highly seismic (Pararas-Carayannis).In addition to the Sunda Trench, the Sumatra Fault is responsible for seismic activity on the Island of Sumatra. This is a strike-slip type of fault which extends along the entire length of the island (Pararas-Carayannis). East of north westward Sumatra, a divergent plate boundary separates the Burma plate from the Sunda plate (Pararas-Carayannis). More specif ically, in the region off the west coast of northern Sumatra, the India plate is moving in a northeastward direction at about 5 to 5. 5 cm per year relative to the Burma plate (Pararas-Carayannis).The region where the earthquake occurred and particularly the Andaman Sea- is a very active seismic area. Also Sumatra is in the center of one of the worlds most seismically active regions. Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 8 struck Sumatra in 1797, 1833, and 1861 (Pararas-Carayannis). It is obvious that Indonesia is an area that is highly susceptible to earthquakes, because of the shifts and movements of the tectonic plates that Indonesia lies on. Indonesia is surrounded by four major tectonic plates, the Pacific, the Eurasian, the Australian, and the Philippine plates.All these major tectonic plates and their subplates are presently active. Major earthquakes and tsunamis can be expected in the semi-enclosed seas and along the Indian Ocean side of Indonesia. Major earthquakes in the semi-enclosed seas can generate destructive local tsunamis in the Sulu, Banda, and Java Seas. Major earthquakes along the Sunda Trench can generate tsunamis that can be destructive not only in Indonesia but to other countries bordering the Indian Ocean (Pararas-Carayannis).The major tectonic feature in the region is the Sunda curtain call that extends approximately 5,600 km between the Andaman Islands in the northwest and the Banda Arc in the east. The Sunda Arc consists of three primary segments the Sumatra segment, the Sunda Strait Segment and the Java Segment. These locations represent the area of greatest seismic exposure (Pararas-Carayannis). In the immediate vicinity off Northern Sumatra, most of the stress and energy that had accumulated were released by the crustal movement that caused the 26 December 2004 earthquake.The subduction of the India tectonic plate underneath the Burma plate cause upward thrusting of an extensive block and generated the destructive tsunami (Para ras-Carayannis). As the Burma plate snapped upward, it was a spacious geologic event. The dislocation of the boundary between the Indian and Burma plates took place over a length of 745 miles and within three days had set off 69 aftershocks (Elliot). The aftersocks represent natures way of restoring stability and temporary equilibrium.It is unlikely that a destructive tsunami will occur again soon in the very(prenominal) region, however caution is advised for coastal residents in Northern Sumatra and in the Nicobar and Andaman Islands. If an afterschock is unfaltering enough and it is strongly felt, evacuation to higher elevation is advised. In fact, strong shaking of the ground is natures warning that a tsunami whitethorn be imminent (Pararas-Carayannis). The natural fortuitys also create natural warning signs that more damage may be upcoming.The aftershocks suggest that the earthquake rupture had a maximum length of 12001300 km parallel to the Sunda trench and a width of over 100 km perpendicular to the earthquake source (USGS). Many things can be taken into account, analyzed, and hopefully used in the proximo to reduce the fare of casualties and losses as a result of an earthquake of such magnitude. The importance of this earthquake and its effects on the communities devastated by this earthquake are many. According to the in style(p) official reports (Ministry of Health) 166,320 people were killed, 127,774 are still missing and 655,000 people were displaced in Northern Sumatra.A total of 110 bridges were destroyed, 5 seaports and 2 airports sustain considerable damage, and 82% of all roads were severely damaged. The death toll is expected to rise (Pararas-Carayannis). There were many lessons already learned from this tragic event in Southeast Asia. Many more lessons will be learned in the near future as this tragedy unfolds and reveals the many failures to value and cling to gentleman life in this neglected region of the world. Indeed a bitter le sson was already learned that great earthquakes and destructive tsunamis do occur in this region (Pararas-Carayannis).The communities of people living in this region that is highly susceptible to earthquakes and tsunamis could learn important data about the manywhat safer areas to reside, or safety techniques to course out and be aware of while in the midst of a natural disaster. The magnitude of the tsunami disaster could have been mitigated with a proper disaster preparedness plan and a functioning early warning system (Pararas-Carayannis). However the strong shaking by the earthquake should have been natures warning for local residents that a tsunami was imminent and they could have run to higher ground to save their jazzs.A simple program of public education and cognisance of the potential hazard could have saved many lives in the immediate area (Pararas-Carayannis). It would be imagined after having at least four earthquakes of 9. 0 magnitude or greater in the region, that residents, public officials, and even tourists could easily find or allowed , much less given, information needed to promote awareness for the realizable catastrophes and preventive methods for any type of damage that can be sustained and anticipated.For the more distant coastlines of India, Shri-Lanka, and other locations in the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean, there was grand time to issue a warning if only an early warning system existed for this region of the world and if there was a way of communicating the information to the coastal residents of threatened areas. No such warning system exists at the present time the lack of disaster awareness or preparedness is appalling. A simple educational program on hazard awareness could have prevented the extensive losses of lives particularly of children.One third of those that perished were children (Pararas-Carayannis). The severity of damages resulting from the earthquake and subsequent tsunami is devastating, and what makes th is natural disaster even more tragic is to know that some preventive measures could have been taken. There are adequate instruments and warning systems that have been developed and are currently being used currently in other locations around the world where devices sufficiently predict and send signal out for the warning of tsunamis.It is often because of insufficient funds or simple neglect for an organized plan of action to take in cases of emergencies as such. India and Shri-Lanka are not members of the International Warning System in the Pacific and they have not shown interest in joining any regional early warning systems. An wrong belief has persisted that tsunamis do not occur frequently enough to warrantee participation into a regional tsunami warning system.Local government authorities in the region did not even have a plan for disseminating warning information to threatened coastlines even if a warning had been provided. There was not even a basic educational plan for dis aster preparedness. It should be obvious that such a program is necessary to prevent similar tragedies in the future (Pararas-Carayannis). In Sri-Lanka alone, more than one million people are displaced and aid workers are under pressure to ensure they have clean water and sanitization to prevent an outbreak of disease (BBC News).This earthquake is significantly important to the people affected in the surrounding communities, as well as the geologic scenery of this disaster. Five main reasons why this disaster was so deadly 1) High population density on low-lying coastal areas of the Indian Ocean, 2) Short aloofness from tsunami source to populated low lying coasts, leaving little time for warning, 3) No tsunami warning system in the Indian Ocean, 4)Poor and developing countries with vulnerable root word and minimal disaster preparedness, 5) Little public awareness of tsunami hazard (Marshall).It is impossible to be able to prevent natural disasters from occurring, but there are s ome measures that can be taken to help prevent the cause of some injuries and deaths. The measures that can be taken to prevent more harm than already caused may seem insignificant in the grand scheme of the disaster, yet the smallest preventive measures and knowledge to be aware of certain signals to promote safety awareness, such as knowing when to move to higher ground after initial shaking or some basic understanding of simple, but possibly life-saving medical exam treatments.It is likely that Indonesia and surrounding countries are vulnerable to earthquakes with possible tsunamis that may cause mass destruction. Residents in Indonesia and surrounding countries should be informed and aware of the potential disaster zones they live in, in efforts to take some sort of preventive procedures such as building more secure homes on more stable location, to keep medical aid kits stocked and easily accessible, and emergency plans of action if disaster strikes and a family is separated for example.The damage resulting from the 2004 Sumatra, Indonesia Earthquake was remarkably widespread, causing extensive devastation to the land, buildings, and communities including hundreds of thousands deaths and injuries across thousands of kilometers It is also obvious that Indonesia and majority of the adjacent countries need to significantly work to create a disaster plan, educational programs to make people knowledgeable about natures hazards, and to adapt a system to detect and transmit information and messages for early warning signs.The great amount of destruction and loss of human life due to these kinds of natural hazards cannot be prevented, but the amount of devastation suffered would be substantially less if these precautions were taken advantage of and actually put into effect.

Nature vs. Nurture Essay

ABSTRACTThe subject of nature versus upgrade is addressed. Both nature and nurture feel strong effects on how gays learn and are able to learn. Observations of three children discuss how nature has caused conditions that hinder development as well as how human intervention has enabled these children to grow despite their conditions. Nature and nurture eat up negative aspects that may or may not be improved to nurse development. Nature and nurture interact in human development.Keywords Nature, nurture, Pi erat, cochlear implant, epilepsy, Erikson, Gilligan, Vygotksy, Kohlberg, Outliers.NATURE VERSUS NURTURENature? Nurture? Both? Theorists have struggled for more than a vitamin C with which variable has the greater effect on human larn. When we refer to nature in learning we are discussing the biological elements of human learning and intelligence, such as, chromosomes and DNA, the biota of the hit, and diseases, syndromes or conditions that the individual may be born with or d evelop in their lifespan (Society for Neuroscience, 2012) The theoretical framework of Genetic Epistemology of Jean Piaget was based on his naturalistic research of children. Piaget was most concerned with how knowledge developed in children. His theory advocated 4 stages of development sensorimotor, preoperational stage, concrete operations, and formal operations, which he assigned to opposite age groups (Genetic Epistemology, n.d.) to explain when and how human cognitive development occurs.I have observed natural effects in several children in my life and have seen how nature has affected their learning. Mikaela and CJ are the children of our dear friends. It is theorized that Mikaela may all have lost her listening shortly after birth or was born without auditory sense (Sorenson and Sievert, personal discussion and observation, 2004). CJ was born with hearing but has lost nearly all hearing in one ear and needs a hearing aid in the other ear (Sorenson and Sievert, personal di scussion, 2006). When Mikaela was diagnosed around 2 years of age, she was fitted with cochlear implants (Sorenson, personal discussion, 2004). CJ was fitted with one cochlear implant around 5 years old (Sorenson, personal discussion 2008). Mikaela struggled to traverse the lack of aural stimulation and verbal acquisition. She will still sign now at age 13 when she wants to communicate quickly. Her speech is very monotonic even after speech therapy (Sievert, observation, May 2014).CJ learned to read very quickly and would amuse himself on early Saturday mornings with watching WWII history and reading the captions so as to not wake the family (Sorenson, personal communication, 2009). They adapted and created schemas to bridge the challenge. My grandson Micah was diagnosed with epilepsy in April 2013 at 13 months of age. The exaltation activity and the use of medications affected his brain activity to nearly wipe out all developmental milestone (Sievert, observation and interaction , May 2013). MRI results showed areas of the brain had atrophied.His physical and occupational therapists have retrained his neural pathways and he is now a normal 27 month old (Sievert, observation and interaction, 2014). All of these children were able to overcome natural challenges with interventions. ADD/ADHD (WebMD.com, 2014) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (CDC.gov, 2014) are both natural in their origin and are universe studied now to find interventions that enable these individuals to become empowered learners in classroom learning environments (Jensen, 2005).The term nurture refers to the effects of interaction in the development of the individual and can range from human interaction with caregivers, peers, and society, to environment and technological devices (UCSB.edu, 2001). Vygotsky, Erikson, Kohlberg and Gilligan would be theorists who tendto place more emphasis on how environment shapes the cognitive and moral development of the individual. Lev Vygotksy claimed that all learning was shaped by the interactions of the child with society and culture as well as how language developed (McLeod, 2007). Language acquisition was seen as very Copernican in cognitive development, especially in developing private speech. Erikson saw cognitive development as a lifelong activity with 8 psychosocial stages, to each one having a crisis that called for resolution in the individual in family relationship to the society (McLeod, 2008).Both Kohlberg and Gilligan based their moral reasoning models on how children learn in relationship to the society around them plus possible societal roles placed on boys or girls (Nucci, 2014). Nurture led to Mikaela, CJ, and Micah overcoming obstacles of nature with the assistance of other humans either creating new tools to overcome hearing loss (NIDCD, 2013) or have humans developing therapies that retrain the brain (Sheikh, 2012). Lack of nurture can include silly or inadequate food and shelter, lack of sensory stimulation, te chnology used as a babysitter, or a lack of interaction in the midst of parent and child (Harris, 1998). I have also observed too much nurture in my school. Parents may do this by constant observe of homework and grades, helping too much with work, overscheduling activities for students, intensive requests for special treatment, or by requesting more homework (Dawson, Clarke, Bredehoft, 2006).The story of Chris Langan in Outliers (2008) is a classic interpreter of how a lack of nurture can set up a chain of failure for an incredibly intelligent man. It is clear that neither nature nor nurture is the decisive factor in human cognition or moral development. We know more than ever about how the brain functions and how the brain must be well treated to make the most of what is available (Jensen, 2005). Physical and mental conditions can determine just how much growth potential is in a human being. New therapies and technologies are constantly in development, trial, and implementation . Proper nurture in a societal and cultural environment has proven necessary for every individual. Nature and nurture need to be skillfully blended to ensure every child is empowered to attain their full potential (Jensen, 2005).REFERENCESSociety for Neuroscience. (2012). judgement facts A primer on the brain and nervous system. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from BrainFacts.orghttp//cup.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/courses/20144043208/resources/week1/w1%20brain_facts_2012.pdfGenetic epistemology (Jean Piaget). (n.d.). Retrieved on May 29, 2014 from http//www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/genetic-epistemology.html.WebMD.com. (2014). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Causes of ADHD. Retrieved on June 14, 2014 from http//www.webmd.com/add-adhd/guide/adhd-causes.Jensen, E. (2005). Teaching with the brain in mind. Alexandria, VA Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.UCSB.edu. (2001). Nature and nurture. Retrieved on June 14, 2014 from http//www.soc.ucsb.edu/faculty/bal dwin/classes/soc142/n&n.htmlMcLeod, S. A. (2007). Lev vygotsky. Retrieved on June 2, 2014 from http//www.simplypsychology.org/vygotsky.html.McLeod, S. A. (2008). Erik erikson. Retrieved on May 29, 2014 from http//www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html.Nucci, L. (2014). Moral development and education An overview. Retrieved on June 5, 2014 from http//www.moraledk12.org/combined-theories/c3q9. issue Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (2013). Cochlear implants. Retrieved on June 14, 2014 from https//www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/pages/coch.aspxSheikh, S. (2012). Epilepsy Definition, prevention and the role of occupational therapy. Retrieved on June 14, 2014 from http//www.slideshare.net/betrayer1990/occupational-therapy-for-epilepsy-an-overviewHarris, J.R. (1998). The nurture self-reliance Why children turn out the waythey do. Retrieved on June 14, 2014 from http//www.nytimes.com/books/first/h/harris-nurture.html.Dawson, C. and Clarke, J. and Bredehoft, D. (2006). Overnurturing Too much of a good thing (When helping stops being helpful). Retrieved from http//www.educarer.com/oi-nurturing.htmGladwell, M. (2008). Outliers The story of success. New York, NY Back Bay Books.

My Personal Experience

It was about a month ago I was on the phone with my sister. She recently broke up with her boyfriend and now she say she ended her relationship with Shawn her bestrides since the fifth grade. Knowing that Darlene can somemultiplication be hasty in her decisions to end friendships rather than anticipate a problem (we once had a similar situation) I asked her if she was sure she was doing the right thing and had actually discussed this with Shawn. I remember the one time she confronting the pillager meant unplugging my computer in the middle Of a research project and storming out of the apartment. )She assured me that she had and that surprisingly enough. Shawn agreed the friendship needed to be ended. It was hard she said. She pushed her cardinal close friends away. But ,she added, she felt good. She felt strong and ready to grow in a new direction. While I was reflecting on this conversation. I purview about the friendships I have had in my spirit. Some were good, some bad. A fe w have lasted.However, cost have fallen apart either referable to lack of communication or lack of mood. Sometimes like the situation above both parties understand the break. I dont regret much in my life and one of the things do not regret is saying goodbye in certain relationships/friendships. It is this aspect of friendships on which I will focus rather than the friends I still have or the friendships I wish I hadnt severed. These expired relationships often teach us just as much as the some other types. Friends should not belittle or emotionally abuse you and/or only give and tot take.That is the reason several of my friendships have ended. There is also invariably the friends who take a separate path or resents you for taking yours. But whoever the reason friendships end. This is a good thing. Imagine all the emotional baggage, bad memories, and clumsy population you would have to cart around with you forever. I have learned from the friendships I was in and how they taugh t me important lessons. I have learned that people might be as supportive and loving as possible but only do it for their own purposes. Melanie told me she ether be Mondays friend.I perpetrated that some people only want friends when they need them and can control them. Another friend named Carry taught me that some values and decisions can not be overloaded. Sometimes cardinal people change so much that they can not remain friends. Do get sad and statistical when remember some of these friendships. There are times that I dearly miss my high school days with Andy. There are times miss the sleepovers with Tanana. There are also times when I wish Melanie and I could have separated responsibilities and feelings.However, when I get the emails that begin l know we havent talked in two years but or when I remember the reason the friendship ended in the first place. I briefly consider rekindling the friendship and then more often than not, realize that these times in my life have ended for a reason. Have like Darlene well grown and changed. Have became stronger and more compassionate in my discourse of others. These friends of the past have given me this gift. I am also who I am today because of the friends I no longer have.

Philipino Tale: Juan Wearing a Monkey’s Skin Essay

This Filipino story was recorded in English based on a Kapampangan (Pampango, from the province of Pampanga) rendering in the early 20th century. There is also a Bicolano (Bikulano, from Bicol) version of this story. Once upon a time there was a couple which was at commencement ceremony childless. The father was very anxiousto have a password to inherit his property so he went to the church daily, and prayed God to give hima child, but in vain. sensation day, in his great disappointment, the man exclaimed without thinking, O great God let me have a son, even if it is in the form of a pixie and alone a few days later his wife gave birth to a monkey. The father was so much mortified that he wanted to kill his sonbut fin bothy his better reas on prevailed, and he spared the child. He express to himself, It is my fault,I know but I uttered that invocation without thinking. So, instead of putting the monkey to death, the couple just hid it from visitors and whenever any one asked f or the child, they merely answered, Oh, he died long ago.The time came when the monkey grew to be old enough to marry. He went to his father, and said, Give me your blessing, father, for I am going away to look for a wife. The father was only too glad to be freed from this obnoxious son, so he immediately gave him his blessing. in the first place letting him go, however, the father said to the monkey, You must never come back again to our house.Very well, I will not, said the monkey.The monkey then leave his fathers house, and went to find his fortune. One night he dreamed thatthere was a castle in the midst of the sea, and that in this castle dwelt a princess of flagitious beauty. The princess had been put there so that no one might discover her existence. The monkey, who had been baptized two days after his birth and was named Juan,immediately repaired to the palace of the king. There he posted a letter which read as follows I, Juan, know that yourMajesty has a daughter.Natural ly the king was very angry to have his secret discovered. He immediately sent soldiers to look for Juan. Juan was soon found, and brought to the palace. The king said to him, How do you know that I have a daughter? If you roll in the hay bring her here, I will give her to you for a wife. If not, howeve r, your head shall be cut off from your body.O your Majesty said Juan, I am sure that I can find her and bring her here. I am willing to losemy head if within three days I fail to fulfil my promise. After he had said this, Juan withdrew, and sadly went out to look for the hidden princess. As he was walking along the road, he heard the cry of a bird. He looked up, and saw a bird caught between two boughs so that it could not escape. The bird said to him, O monkey, if you will but release me, I willgive you all I have.

Death Penalty in the State of Kansas

The Death penalization issue has been a grave controversy curiously in our contemporary society, non only in U.S. but as well as in Europe. Unfortunately, resolving the issue is really difficult due to the complexity of the juridical system in the U.S. State judicial systems must deal with the constitutionality of the state laws as well as their proper applic. In addition, democratic opinion is also a powerful force that may bring about changes on either whether demolition penalization exists at all or what weight conclusion penalty should have versus animateness imprisonment without parole.These opinions may be based on religious beliefs, on human rights, on the magnitude of violence of the crimes committed, and the popular need to feel unafraid from violent assaults, non-homicidal and homicidal rapists, as well as violent homicidal offenders. Other questions remain what is the value of deterrence of the termination penalty type of sentence? What is the equal of inmat es on finis row? Inmates stay on decease row for a small-arm, mainly because most of the times, they are appealing their sentence or waiting for a pardon from the state governor or even the President. Since Kansas has reestablished the death penalty, these concerns have been of primary interest to the Kansas judicial system and the state residents.Twenty-nine years after the last execution, the state of Kansas reestablished the death penalty sentence in 1994, under SB (Senate Bill) 473 and HB (House Bill) 2578. SB 473 states that the death penalty is restored in Kansas for first degree murders whereas HB 2578 simply authorizes the death penalty to be reenacted. Interestingly, in an annual survey of college students across the U.S., students were asked whether they were in favor of death penalty. In 1969, this survey reported 54% of the students in favor of the abolition of the death sentence, in 1985, it was down to 27%, in 1989 21%, and in 1995 20%. (Bedau, 85)The percentage in 1995 was the lowest and seemed to reflect a trend in young peoples general acceptance of death penalty remember that Kansas reenacted the sentence in 1994 Is it a co relative incidence? Evidently, popular demands and trends are taken into account in state legislatures that is the principle of democracy. The Gallup News supporter reported on June 1st 2006 that back in 1994, 65% of the entire population of the U.S. favored life without parole whereas in 2006, 80% favored life without parole.Further, they also reported that in 2006, 47% were for the death penalty while 48% were for life without parole. (Newport, Gallup) Consequently, based on these data, the attitude the American people has little by little changed to favoring life without parole with a 50/50 division over the choice between life without parole and death penalty. The examination here is that the faithfulness of death penalty is always measured against contemporary standards of morality. Therefore, the trend that has been observed in the past few years shows that more and more people do not support the death penalty, illustrating a change of views. (Bedau, 90)Kansas law allows for death penalty but also for life without parole. According to the 2005 Kansas Death Penalty Guide, the claim description of the crimes penaliseable by death in Kansas is given in the KSA 21-3439 reenactment as capital murder with 8 aggravating circumstances. Death is given by lethal injection. For a life sentence in Kansas, persons who are guilty of capital murder will be jailed for 25-50 years. The sentence must be served entirely before the individual can be eligible for parole. There is no good behavior credit. (Kansas, 1)Carlson and Garrett (Carlson, Garrett, 5) give the 3 major sanctions available in the U.S. judicial system, economic penalties, probation, and incarceration, as well as the 4 primary goals of incarceration, deterrence, incapacitation, retaliation, and rehabilitation. The following remarks summar ize briefly the position of supporters or opponents of death penalty, respectively. The death penalty sentence is viewed as a way to deter other criminals from committing crimes, incapacitating the criminal on death row who will pay a retribution for his crimes by his or her death.If someone is on death row, on that point is a feeling that he or she will not be able to be rehabilitated. As for life without parole, the pertinacious-term incarceration will serve as deterrent for the criminal and others outside it will incapacitate the criminal while the long sentence without any credit is considered a retribution for the crime. In this bailiwick, there is a feeling that the criminal will be able to be rehabilitated if he or she lives longer than the sentence. (Bedau, 127) This is the basic controversy of death versus life imprisonment.For any death penalty case, that includes Kansas, there is a diversity of factors to be considered to decide whether or not capital cases are pursued . There are factors that differ for every case, for every state, for every crime committed, and for every inmate whose past may not have been exemplary. (Cassell, Bedau, 118) In addition, jurors and prosecutors must be sure that death penalty can be applied in the case they are working on.However, the conclusion process for any juror is unflustered subjective because his or her decision is still dependent upon the strength of the prosecutions arguments as well as evidence, the degree of certainty that the person is not innocent, the legal defenses arguments and evidence if any, and the crime committed against the victim and the family. The judge must follow the case tightly and apply the law in a correct fashion. However, the interpretation of the law can also be subjective. Each capital case foot race is very hard to go through because it entails numerous problems that can take time to sort out with respect to state laws versus the U.S. Constitution. (Bedau, 183)Interpretation o f the law in Kansas has been a source of contentions among supporters for sentencing to death, opponents, and the judicial system. The main debate is centered on the constitutionality of death penalty and the interpretation of the Constitution. To concretely illustrate the dispute and its complexity, the case of Kansas vs. marshland needs to be considered. The case is the following. In 1996, Michael marsh broke into the home of a family with a 19 month-old frustrate.His goal was to get money to take a trip to Alaska by kidnapping the mother and the child in order to ask for a ransom from the husband and father. Unfortunately, events turned awful when Marsh panicked, cleanup the mother by shooting her 3 times in the head, stabbing her twice, and doused her with lighter fluid. He then set the body on fire, ran away, leaving the baby inside to burn to death. The mother survived for 6 days in the hospital and died of multiple organ failures. Marsh was charged with capital murder, fi rst-degree premeditated murder, exasperate arson, and aggravated burglary.A Kansas jury found him guilty on all counts and sentenced him to death for the capital murder of the child. Marsh appealed his sentence to the Kansas Supreme Court. The Court found that the Kansas death penalty statute was in fact unconstitutional because in Kansas, there is no fundamental fairness rule. What this means is that if a criminal is sentenced to death while the aggravating factors of the prosecution equal the mitigating factors of the defense, then by fundamental fairness, the death sentence is nullified. However, in Kansas, the fundamental fairness rule does not exist.In Marshs case, the aggravating factors equaled the mitigating factors as primed(p) by the jury and caused the verdict to stand, based on the jury instructions from the Kansas statute,. So, the basic question is is the Kansas death penalty statute upheld when aggravating factors equal mitigating factors and if it is upheld, is it a violation of the Constitution? The State of Kansas took the case to the U.S Supreme Court in December 1995. The Supreme Court determined that the statute permits death sentences in the event of a tie between aggravating and mitigating factors. (Mandery, 124) However, the key lies with who has the final burden of proof for outweighing the factors.As a comparison, when there is tie, the death penalty statute in Arizona allows the defendant to reply that the mitigating factors outweigh the aggravating ones and prove it against the prosecution aggravating proof. In Kansas, the burden is still on the prosecution without any additional actions from the defendant. Since the prosecution did not prove the mitigating factors outweighed the aggravating factors, the death sentence was overturned. Justice Souter commented on what he called the morally amusing Kansas death penalty statute that permits a death sentence even if the prosecution has failed to prove that the aggravating factors out weigh the mitigating factors, accusing Kansas law to increase the incidence of death penalty sentences.Justice Scalia wrote a document on his opinion of the case. Dealing with Justice Souters comments, he shamed Souters view as regarding the death penalty as an undesirable situation. Additionally, he also pointed out that, even if some of his colleagues disagree with the idea of a death penalty, 38 states do impose the penalty while scrutinizing the verdicts for wrongful executions, implying that death penalty sentences are properly assigned. Souters point was that death penalty is serious enough that it should be reviewed. (Campbell, Star-Telegram)As one can see in the above case, many steps had to be completed to get to the final decision. So, a very safe assumption is that this trial and associated inmate expenses must have been very high. One of the chief complaints that Kansas opponents of death penalty have, besides moral or religious reasons, is the cost of the procedures. Th ey claim that death row cases cost a lot more than life without parole cases. The money that would be saved should be spent on crime prevention. (Bedau, 91) Gottfried reports that on average $20,000 is spent on life without parole inmates/year, a third less than for capital cases. (Gottfried, 2002)Kansas is not the only state that reestablished death penalty. However, it was done in 1994, at a time when many Americans supported capital punishment. It seems true that support or opposition to the death penalty is a reflection of the contemporary morality views of the public. It does not look like people support it now. The U.S. Supreme court seems to agree that this type of punishment should be reviewed, revise or completely eliminated based on moral and legal grounds. Yet, abolishing death penalty in Kansas because it costs too much is not a very serious and moral reason to do it. The problem really resides in the application of the laws. Death penalty may be a way to punish violent criminals but nobody knows how to properly justify using it.Works CitedBedau HA. The Death Penalty in America Current Controversies. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1998.Newport F. (editor) Gallup News Service. Death Penalty. The Gallup Polls Briefing June 1 2006.2005 Kansas Death Penalty Guide Amnesty International USA Kansas State University, Chapter 254 January 10, 2004 1. November 18, 2006Carlson PM, Garrett JS. Prison and Jail Administration Practice and Theories. Jones and bartlett pear Publishers, 1999.Chassell PG, Bedau HA. Debating the Death Penalty Should America Have Capital Punishment?. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2004.Mandery EJ. Capital Punishment A Balanced Examination . Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005.Campbell L. (editor) Sounds Like A brainsick Winner from Here. Star-Telegram June 29 2006.Gottfried T. The Death Penalty Justice or Legalized Murder? Twenty First Century Books, 2002.

Dubliners, Counterparts Essay

1. The main flake of the story is Farrington, an strong who works as a clerk, and is bullied and verbally abused by his boss, Mr. Alleyne. Miss Delacour plays the role of a wealthy client. Mr. Shelley is the head clerk at Farringtons office. The characters Nosey Flynne, OHalloran, Callan, Paddy Leonard are the men whom Farrington spends his levelings with, drinking at pubs. Weathers is one of the new(a)er men who meet with him at the pubs, in this story he beat Farrington at arm wrestling. tom is Farringtons son who, at the end of the story, is beaten by his drunken father.2. He had done for himself in the office, pawned his watch, spend all of his money and he had not even got drunk (95). Farringtons life is repetitious, functional as a clerk and producing copies all day long is the type of repetition that adds to his misery. Alcohol plays a key map in his depression and is the highlight of his day, it is the reason for him to pawn his watch and spend his mud on alcoholic drink. Similar to his repetitious life in the office, drinking with his friends is a part of his daily daily as well. Every evening Farrington and his friends take turns buying rounds for each other, spending and consuming, again and again. Weathers is a character that plays a signifi appriset role in Farringtons realization about how his routines and traditions do not clear him, but instead harm him.Each of his problems follows him wherever he goes. For an example, he brought his problems with his boss, Mr. Alleyne, from work to the pub with him, and slice he continued to drink, those problems only began to snowball and irritate him more than. He also brought his problems back into his home with him ulterior that night, and took them out on his son by beating him. It is clear that Farrington is oblivious to his anger and does not kip down that the he makes bad choices. His work life is the same as his social life and his family life. There is not a part of his life can let h im break away from from any other part because every aspect has the ability to make him very maddened. By making bad choices such as pawning his watch, drinking excessively, and being rude to his boss, Farrington consistently continues to make life worse for himself.3. Farrington is an office clerk who is treat poorly by his boss. Upon having to complete a task at work, it becomes seeming(a) that Farrington is a lazy alcoholic as he sneaks out of the office to get a quick drink and never finishes his job. Mr. Alleyne gets angry at Farrington, yells at him, and ends up embarrassing him in front of a Miss Delacour, which makes Farrington feel even more miserable. Later on, Farrington pawns his watch in exchange for alcohol money, and goes out with his friends to the pub for the rest of the night. The more Farrington drinks, he becomes increasingly upset throughout the night, thinking about his lifestyle and drinking habits. In the end, when he got home to a cold dinner and found th at the fire to warm it had gone out, he scolded his young son Tom, who pleaded for mercy.4. The central conflict of the story is hunt down combined with the abuse of alcohol. Throughout the story Farrington was tone narrowped and wished to scat that lonely and miserable feeling. He was very angry and he had given up on himself by slacking at work, pawning his watch, and spending all of his money. Farringtons realization these trapped feelings became apparent when the narrator said, He had lost his reputation as a strong man, having been defeated twice by a mere boy (95). The passage is explaining Farringtons feelings after Weathers defeated him in arm wrestling, and we defraud that he ends up taking that anger out on his son. In the story the abuse of alcohol represents a lack of self- control and feeling of self worth that lead to violence. It turns out that the easy escape Farrington had longed for would be impossible for the drunken man to achieve. Instead of escaping, he de ceived himself by deceiving his family.5. Routine and the repetition are two themes present in this story. The narrator said, His body ached to do something, to rush out and revel in violence. All the indignities of his life enraged him (89).This passage explains the everyday repetitious life of Farrington, and how he needed to escape that kind of a lifestyle. These routines and repetitions discombobulate trapped him in a vicious cycle of irritation and violence. Routines have an effect on people often involved in many difficult dilemmas, and the routines of his life trap him from being able to have new encounters and new beginnings. These consequences of never breaking away from the same routines can also lead to loneliness and unhappiness. In the story Counterparts, Farrington is able to show these results and brutality of a continual lifestyle.

Boon Rawd Brewery Company Essay

Throughout the years, bribe Rawd has diversified into an award-winning brewer and beverage maker, exporting its glob tout ensembley recognized products homowide. The key to success and alike be a mission statement is Transpargonncy We do the right things. We live as a good citizen and striket cut corners. This principle is genius of many that make assistanceed Singha obtain the full-grownst market sh ar for beer in Thailand.Domestic entirelyy, the caller-up sees strong winth in the beer segment dominated by Singha. It expects local bewilder to grow 6 percent next year to 1.2 billion liters by inaugurating a new facility in 2009.Aside from Singha, Boon Rawd wanders former(a) beer varieties, soda water, subscribeing water, ready-to-drink fruit juices, ready-todrink coffee and tea beverages chthonian mixed brands, such as Thai Beer, Leo, Moshi and B-ing, a flavored vitamin functional drink.Although Boon Rawd got many awards in beer capitals such as Brussels, Osaka, Americ a, Australia and New Zealand but in the word of president you have to dare to challenge the outside world which makes them still non tostop expanding their market and occur new opportunities oer quantify.Consequently, we decide to analyze and adjudicate them for the purpose of getting insight in their international management plans, their competitive advantages, and their human resource management. Besides, this direct is also included with countries compend, industry analysis, and international market too.For the courses of action, we begin with SWOT analysis of Boon Rawd including with providing the company background. Then we do the countries analysis such as GDP, population size, fanfare and byplay environment in those countries. Next, we also find the information that discount be fit to Boon Rawd products by studying from primal and secondary sources and do PEST analysis. Lastly, we would examine the marketing strategies of Boon Rawd such as how they trained their e mployees, how they break-danceed their products, how they could make and retained the international customer relationship in order to penetrate those international markets and find the best way that can make them success in long-term future.Corporate BackgroundWhich industry or industries is the firm operating in?Define the companys industryBoon Rawd Brewery Co. Ltd. is the largest and the oldest brewery in Thailand. It was established in 1933 by Boonrawd Srethabutra, on whom HM King Prajadhipok Rama VIII bestowed the aristocratic title of Phraya Bhirom Bhakdi. In that time Thailand was called Siam until 1939 it was changed to Thailand. Nowadays the brewery is still under the Bhirom Bhakdi family management.At first the company produced and sold only beers like Singha, Leo and Thai beer, which Singha is the much or less famous and prevalent beer. Later when the company had grown to produce everyplace 800 million liters of beer they started to producing buggy drinks as sound ly. They are producing drinking water, soda water, ready-to-drink juice, ready-to-drink blue jet tea, B-ing lifestyle functional drink and whatsoever other soft drinks also. So The Boon Rawd Brewery specialized to Brewery and soft drinks industry. Today they have over 2000 employees in nine factories across the Thailand. They produce annually overone billion liters of beer and much more other drinks.Who are the customers? give away and segment target customersThe Company has a versatile range of goods and thats one of the reasons to succeed. They sell demand product like simply drinking water and everybody has to drink water to stay alive. Beer is also popular among adult and young adult nations and they have both quality and punk beers so they can chain most of the customer, who drinks beer. Juice and that variety show of soft drinks are for everybody as well, but especially children and teens like to drink juice a lot. Green tea and coffee are more for adults. So they can sell products to huge slice of the population.Where does the company serve?Define companys geographic scopeThe company generally ope place in Thailand, where it is headquartered in Bangkok. Network of The Boon Rawd Brewery Co. includes three breweries and six soft drinks factories all over the Thailand. former(a) factories located in strategic regions across The Thailand, in Chiangmai, Khonkaen, Singburi, Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani and Surat Thani.The Boon Rawd Brewery Co. Ltd. owns two breweries in German. The first one located in the town of Mittweida, that brew Mittweida beer and the second one brews Gerand Hartmanndorf beer in the town of Gerand Hartmanndorf.Nowadays their products are exported to over 25 countries around the world. The largest export country is neighbor country Cambodia followed markets are in linked State, United Kingdom, Singapore, Malaysia and Japan. In accessory they sell their product to China, Philippine, Laos and Vietnam. Sometimes they sell product to few other neighbor countries as well, but sales are sporadic.What take aims are being satisfied by the companys goods or services?Define the companys core products/servicesBoon Rawd brewery has regained its market attractor of beer in Thailand. Singha beer is the lede product of the Boon Rawd Brewery Co. Singha beer has been Thailands most popular beer for many years. Leo is also famous beer brand, but they have another strategy withLeo, when Singha beer is high quality, good and nice beer, Leo is cheap and less quality beer. The company sells Thai beer as well, and lot of diverse soft drinks, like ready-to-drink juices, ready-to-drink green tea, drinking water, soft water and something like that.What are the companys distinctive competencies?What resources does the company have?What capabilities does the company possess?As previously was mentioned, Boon Rawd Brewery has 2000 employees in 9 factories in various move of Thailand. This eases the distribution in the country inter nally, but it also facilitates the company to respond to the already widespread demand throughout the world. If the demand lead grow even further, it is necessary to add resources so that supply pull up stakes keep up with demand.Boon Rawd Brewery has a ready customer base and especially Singha has been received controlling welcome also widely outside of Thailand. Thus, if the company desires to internationalize to the wider world, it is a microscopicaler bother, because it is already well underway and the groundwork for potential follow-up measures have already been made.Boon Rawd Brewery provides and offers different kind of products to different kind of customers and their needs. As previously mentioned, the Boon Rawd Brewery has a wide range, which includes various drinks from beers to juices and from energy drinks to soda water. This kind of range, which has planned with widely thinking, provides a more stable support for the companys activities. So, if the companys some o f their individual products sales might drop surprisingly, the company is not so vulnerable.Which generic strategy in currently used by the company?Based on the value-chain analysisCurrently, Boon Rawd Brewery invests to the visibility of company and fashioning products more familiar among consumers. The company also makes its share of supporting measurable societal issues. It invests to sport, culture and environmental. It has brought to use A Waste Water Management System, which is digited to minimize the environmental impact on the Chao Phraya River.Boon Rawd Brewery has its own factories in Thailand and in addition, it currently owns 2 other factories in Europe. The company is expanding remitly but with certainty around the world. So far, customers are widely from different part of the world, so it seems to be only a matter of time before the company decides to buy or set up new factories in other countries.The fact that the company has won several awards over the years in relation to the quality of beer, says that the company invests a lot of resources in the actual beer making unconscious process.Country analysis and attractiveness assessment brazil-nut tree PEST analysisPolitical1.Brazilian citizens are free to relocate throughout the country. In addition, all citizens are free to engage in any business activity, as long it is a legitimate activity. Its a positive policy for us to take a share of Brazilian market.2.Citizens or non-citizen, are allow owning private properties in Brazilian territory. Governmental offices issue a title of keeping, which warranty ones ownership of a authentic, personal, or intellectual property. The process of issuing a property title can be somewhat time consuming however, when the process is due, the owner is protected by legal philosophys, and enforced by judicial system. In addition, some Southern cities had successfully settle negotiations over popular land in order to help low income citizens to own a priv ate property. This kind of law and political environment can ensure the safety for our intelligent property of beverage and ownership for brewery and all the assets we owned.3.Brazil has no yet achieved institutional stability. Government, courts, school, business, and specially law enforcement are struggling to bring solid bases of stability for Brazil. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, former president, did a good job in recognizing the states responsibility for the in ripeices during dictatorship. On the other hand, violations of human rights still an issue in Brazil, Inflation seems under control for now, but Brazilians had experienced inflation as high as 5,000 percent a year, during late 80s. Most new-fashionedly, the revocation of rules, and addition of newprovisions are still happening in Brazil. Therefore, skepticism is among Brazilians, and international observers.4.The desireing system in Brazil has been improving over the past few years however, more than 50% of the Brazilia n population has no office to ever get a bank loan, neither open a bank account. The first problem is that millions of Brazilians have low income. The second problem lies on the credit bureau, which has a inadequacy on tracking ones credit muniment. Most Brazilians prefer to use the direct financing system, in other words, a interject finances ones purchase, breaking it in small monthly payments, and charging very high interests. If the individual do not pay his or her bills, then the store can confiscate the product, and report his or her name to the credit bureau.5.Brazilian legislators are far from calling themselves legal in work. Brazilian economy still has non-satis grind fluctuation, more than 40% of the population lives in total poverty, baby mortality is high, transportation and educational system have big issues to be solved, and crime and corruption are a huge problem. After Fernando Henrique Cardoso, former president, first year in office, several denounces came ar ound some Brazilian legislators being involved in scheme and corruption scandals. Such news did not astonishment most Brazilians, except for the fact that someone had the courage to speak out.6.Brazilian government has a long annals of resisting the increase of minimum wages. Its main reasons are a) if minimum wages increase the Brazilian government leave behinding not have enough money to pay for all the social security pensions, and governmental employees b) factory companies say that if minimum wages are increased it would be catastrophic for the companies maturation, since their budget for wages and benefits provide increase tremendously. In addition, companies claim that if the minimum wages are increase some companies provide be force to file for bankruptcy with leads to lay-offs, and increase of national unemployment rates. Our company should be much careful about this.7.Brazil has some of the most strict environment protection laws in the world such laws are send off to protect citizens, the fauna, and flora of Brazilian territory. Despite of the governmental efforts, the process of reinforcing such laws has not been successful part of it is due to the inefficiency of some governmental agencies. For example, the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis (IBAMA) is an the governmental agency responsible for the formulation, coordination, execution, and wages of environmental laws.8.Any country must protect and labour national enterprises however, Brazilian government is being over protective. It causes an unbalance cycle of dependency among Brazilian enterprises, which have more to lose because free market would promote competition, and consequently it promotes the development of new technology and money flow. Brazilian government has a long history of being over protective toward its national enterprises. The means in which the government uses as protection strategies interpolate and it changes time to time. Fo r example, Brazil has an extended list of shipping requirements for imported goods these requirements cause a difficult time to international enterprise, and the process of shipping a nightmare. In addition, the import taxes are high, restrictions on foreign-produce advertising is a strict, and complex bureaucratic processall make foreign enterprises less capable to compete with Brazilian enterprises in Brazilian territory.Economic1.Brazilian government requires that all business transactions be made in Brazilian currency (reais), and all foreign currencies must be converted before any business transactions.2.Brazilian government requires that only one currency be use inside the country, and the Brazilian currency is called the real. However, many businesses will accept dollar or euro as form of payment for good or services. Many Brazilians will save the foreign bills as form of investment because they believe that such currencies will rise in value, and if they not, at least it wi ll not devalue as reais would. In addition, some fortunate business people prefer to be paid in dollar because it, later, will be transported outside the country.3.Brazilian government has been consistently causing a budget deficit in its domestic budget. In other words, the Brazilian government has been spending more than it collects from taxes each year.4.Many Brazilian citizens envisage with the idea of chess opening their own business however, due to high taxation, and labor benefits Brazilians are skeptical about the risks of opening a small or median enterprise. Nerveless, Brazilians citizens welcome new business enterprises because it generates jobs for the citizens. On the other hand, there is a popular believe that if one opens a business enterprise he or she must dodged taxes. Brazilians a great deal avoid paying taxes, as much and as long as they can, because they not believe in the socialist system.5.Between the years of 2001 through 2003, Brazil shows minimal signs o f vulnerability to outside forces. Brazils foreign trade impact ratio was gradually increasing during the period from 1999 to 2008. It is likely that Brazil could bring into being more wealth to its citizens by increasing its foreign trade impact.Social1.In Brazil, ones ability to create wealth is filled with barriers, especially for low background citizens. It is important to say that if ones will is strong, he or she might have a chance to advance economically however, such dream is not a reality to millions of young Brazilians. First, Brazilian education system does not embrace the minority groups. Ironically, the public universities, free education, are primarily composed of elite youth, and private universities are composed of unforesightful or middle class youth. Several philanthropic entities focus on helping Brazilian kids to develop some kind of skills, in order to help them to get a job, but these entities mistakenly draw a blank to encourage and educate kids to pursue an academic life. In general, Brazilian society believes that if one has born low-down, he or she will never make a good living.2.Crime rates in Brazil have been increasing, and many are not reported. This perception frequently can compromise ones termination of opening a small ormedia enterprise. Police fails to assure safety for citizens as well for business. Into the large corporations such fear is reduce due to fact that large companies can afford to pay for an team of security guards. These are what our company should focus and pay a attention to what will hurt our note of business.3.Protection of public health and safety in Brazil is quite bad, because baby mortality and mal-nutrition are the leading reasons fo1r death among children between ages one to five. Mal nutrition still kills children and adults in Brazil. In addition, the Brazilian government has pathetic management of waste, and food inspections. The Brazilian government has a long way to go before infant morta lity rate decreases to worldwide standards.Technological1.Brazilian communication system is good. Cities and countryside are equipped with many means of communications (phone, jail cell phones, fax, television, radio) with exception of computer. The use of computers as a mean of communication is a process that has been growing in Brazil, but due to the high cost of computer hardware it stills a slow growth. The most popular mass communication is television, and Brazilians love soap opera.TV networks strategically start the TV news between the hours of the most popular soap opera, seven to eight p.m. In addition, house and cell phones became more affordable for Brazilians since the Brazilian government had privatized its telecommunication corporation. There is a real potential growth for computer in Brazil. It is believe that soon, the Brazilian government will facilitate and lower taxes for import of computers, which will make computers much affordable item to Brazilians. These inf rastructures can ensure that our local communication and promotion can be done efficiently and publicationively.2.Brazilian transportation system is reasonable it has some good and bad sides. Brazil has roads, rail, air, and ships, but not all works efficiently. Brazil is fortunate because it has south to north regions connected by the Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, the navigation system is good for transporting large volume of goods throughout the Brazilian coast, but it is not good for transporting people due to long journey. The Brazilianair system excellent, and recently it is becoming more affordable to Brazilians, but still not cheap to many. The railroad system is, with exception of urban plain, in precarious condition. It requires a great amount of capital investment, mostly for repairs of rails, newer and faster trains, more employees, and newer distribution of rails throughout the country.In similar situation are the roads of Brazil. Highways and interstates are in great nee d for repair and expansion. Many enterprises have difficulties in transporting goods among states because the highways are very unreliable. Brazilian highways and interstates are filled with dangerous fissures on the road, not enough roads, and damaged bridges. To make things worse, highway pirates are a big problem in Brazil. Often, the news channel announces the robbery of a loaded truck, and the death of the truck driver. High rates of lost, employees and goods, forces enterprises to reevaluate the companys expansion due to high costs and risks of transporting goods. This base can help us to which transportation tools we should focus and which we should avoid to use.India PEST analysisPolitical1.slow-down in government decisions due to political instability2.adverse changes or unpredictability on foreign investment, import, ownership, pricing or tax issues3.unexpected delays and cost-overruns due to overlapping governmental jurisdiction4.In recent years, successive Indian Govern ments have sought to improve the performance of these programmers by decentralizing their administration, vesting village governments with great responsibility for their monitoring and oversight. An academic literature hypothesizes that socioeconomic divisions within villages and the weak political strength of the poor reduces the effectiveness of decentralized programmers since, under these conditions, elites are able to capture funds intended for the poor.This paper argues that the effect of administrative decentralization of poverty programmers and local public goods on the magnitude of benefits to the poor depends not just on their political strength but also on the incentives the non-poor have to improve the welfare of the poor. The design of policy pays insufficient attention to such incentive issues. Empirical analysis provides support for this belief. The regression analysis of the paper reveals that welfare receipts affect the labor supply decisions of the poor and that th eimplementation of welfare programmers under control of village governments takes these effects into account.

Curriculum Development for Small Group Esl Essay

I. Description of LearnersThis private tutoring course has been developed for tether elementary school girls, ages 8 11. They be sisters, recent immigrants from Saudi Arabia, who bequeath be living and catching school in the U.S. for close to two years. These students have been assigned a private English speech tutor by Cartus Intercultural lecture Solutions on behalf of Chevron Corporation, as part of their familys transfer mobage. The students have a address circumstance in Arabic, which is the indigenous language spoken in their home.They each attend a small, private, international school, where their teachers go away them certain ESL modifications. Information gathered from these students needs sound judgement evaluations (to be discussed in section three) showed them to be in the early production stage of English language development. They have limited listening and mouthing proficiency, a firm grasp of the Latin alphabet, and the ability to read and drop a line a t about a kindergarten level. The students were actually hesitant to speak English initially, which made assessment difficult.II. Course RationaleCartus language trainers develop tell apart programs to equalise the needs of each musician, based on the results of the initial needs assessment process. Language trainers flesh programs for such practical applications as function-specific skills and vocabulary and conversational proficiency in determine to growth your participants competency and confidence. Every aspect of the training program is customized. Considering this scenario, there is no standardized curriculum. one time students needs have been assessed, and reachable goals have been determined, then visibles must be purchased in order to meet course objectives. The primary stakeholder is the childrens father, the students themselves atomic number 18 the secondary stakeholders, and their elementary teachers could be considered as tertiary stakeholders.III. require A nalysisCartus leaves analysis and evaluation up to the individual language instructor. An interview was conducted with the father over the echo to determine his goals for each child. During this conversation he alike provided insight into each childs constitution and individual English proficiency. It was then discovered that a preceding(prenominal) trainer had conducted an English language assessment while the children were still in Saudi Arabia. This assessment can be seen in Appendix 1.Considering the results of the previous assessment, the instructor conducted one on one interviews with each child trying to gauge their levels of proficiency in the hobby areas listening, speaking, edition, and writing. The instructor sought to identify any gaps between what students are able to do and what they are required to do at school. Low beginning level questions, such as the ones listed below, were asked in order to define both preliteracy and literacy skills the students possessed . These initial questions were asked orally.How many brothers do you have?How many sisters do you have?What is the abduce of your teacher?What is the institute of your baby sister?How many fingers do you have?What is your favorite toy?In addition, during the course of the program, one of the childrens teachers was consulted in order to identify more specific goals.IV. Goals and ObjectivesThe students father is the primary determiner of their educational goals. He stated, They each need to be able to read passages at a faster rate and be able to speak and conversate. (sic) In order to achieve these goals, the instructor took into name the students needs and abilities and set the following objectives to meet the fathers fairly broad goal* cope the names and sounds of all the consonants and vowels* Understand phonics concepts such as consonant combinations* Follow along, reading, and summarizing simple stories with pictures* Demonstrate discretion of every daylight vocabulary* Fol low simple oral instructions* Demonstrate understanding of the most fundamental, change vocabulary in content areas (e.g., shapes, colors, alphabet, numerals, animals)* Understand nouns, verbs, and punctuation* Understand singular and plural* Understand roughhewn and proper nouns* Understand simple past, present, and time to come tenses.V. Course contentLessons are conducted in the students home for three hours four days a week. The instructor has purchased all study materials and supplies to be used for the program. The materials are unplowed at the students home for them to use on their own over the weekend. Occasionally a student will have a homework assignment that needs to be addressed by the language instructor. In those instances the subject matter is incorporated into the curriculum and each student will exact key aspects of the material in a situational capacity. Although the students are of varying ages, due to their intimacy and language background, lessons are often c onducted as a small group. It has been established that they challenge one another to speak English and are competitory when it comes to reading and responding to questions in English.They have a positive effect on one another, so the passing(a) situational content can be either elaborated upon or simplified as needed. Over the start months of the program, lessons were focused on advancing the students from the silent period to initial stages of speech. The students were introduced to concepts of consonants, vowels, and phonics before additional topics were explored. Once students began to speak and read with increasing frequency, they began reading sentences and discussing stories. Recently they have been able to volunteer information about themselves, their day at school, and other activities. Below are examples of lessons on vowel sounds, consonant blends, rhyming, and readingVI. MaterialsThe instructor has purchased matched study materials to be used and shared by all of the girls. There is no one overaching shopping centre book, rather many workbooks, puzzles, games, and story books are used throughout the lessons. In addition to some of the worksheets shown above, those materials complicate the following This book introduces consonant combinations such as sl, st, and sk. Students read the instructions and follow the instructions to strike in the blank, match sentences to corresponding pictures, and fill in crossword puzzles. This book introduces consonant combinations such as sl, st, and sk. Students read the instructions and follow the instructions to fill in the blank, match sentences to corresponding pictures, and fill in crossword puzzles. This phonetic puzzle reinforces students understanding of long and shortsighted-change vowel sounds, and is also used to increase vocabulary.This phonetic puzzle reinforces students understanding of long and short vowel sounds, and is also used to increase vocabulary.This pack of cards is used to refresh s tudents memory of past lessons, and also to make short sentences or phrases. This pack of cards is used to refresh students memory of past lessons, and also to make short sentences or phrases. These beginning reading books provide pictoral cues to accompany the sentences. Students are able to gain animals and food in the books and learn their English names. They are also able to practice phonetic reading skills. These beginning reading books provide pictoral cues to accompany the sentences. Students are able to recognize animals and food in the books and learn their English names. They are also able to practice phonetic reading skills. Magnetic letters are used to create linguistic process and fascilitate reading phonetically. Students make rhyming language and create new words by adding sneaky silent e to the ends of short vowel sound words. Magnetic letters are used to create words and fascilitate reading phonetically.Students make rhyming words and create new words by adding s neaky silent e to the ends of short vowel sound words. VII. judicial decisionBecause these students are not graded or scored, their knowledge and ability must be assessed in less structured, more organic ways. The students attend English language school every day and have certain anxieties in regard to tests and quizzes. Assessment is performed during every lesson to determine what tools and materials are meeting the students needs, as swell as how the students respond to the materials. The students father, as well as comments from classroom teachers provide vital information that the language instructor uses to assess the students, to inform future lesson content, and to raise the bar for students objectives.Students are on a break for the holidays, but during their last lesson they were asked some of the following questionsWhat is a noun?Can you each name three common nouns?What is a proper noun?How do you write a proper noun?If one is a fox, what are two called?If one is a re ar end, what are two called?Can you name three words that rhyme with cat?Can you name three words that start with sk like skip?The word dime, does it have a short or long vowel sound?What gives it that sound?How much is a dime worth?What is the diametric of up?What is the opposite of hot?If your body needs food you are _______If your body needs water you are _______Their answers were used to set homework assignments and to establish new goals once lessons resume in January.Observation and interview results have indicated that the students are progressing well into high beginner proficiency and are beginning to understand language and use it in a limited capacity.Typically, they memorize words and phrases and can comprehend and utilize language that they havebeen taught. The curriculum focuses on applying literacy skills to the development of new knowledge. In second language acquisition, social language usually precedes academic language development.Appendix 1.ReferencesDept. of Education, State of Tennessee. 2005. ESL Curriculum Standards Proficiency Levels. Retrieved December 22, 2012, from http//www.fentress.k12tn.net/ESL Cartus, 2012 Intercultural and Language Training Worldwide. Retrieved December 22, 2012, from www.cartus.comFerlazzo, L., and K. take Sypnieski. 2012. The ESL/ELL Teachers Survival Guide. San Francisco Jossey Bass.FlashKids Editors, 2010. Phonics Blends. U.S. FlashKids Books.Magnetic Letters, 2012, lakeside Learning Materials.Richards, J.C. 2001. Curriculum development in language teaching. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Sight Words, 2012, Lakeshore Learning MaterialsWho Lives at the Pond? Parents. Minibook. Activities Science & Nature Ages 3-6. Retrieved December 22, 2012 fromwww.scholastic.com Worksheets for Young ESL Learners. Retrieved December 22 from 2012,www.bogglesworldesl.com vowel sound Sounds Match Ups,

Nigerian government Essay

1 Could the alleged payment of bribes to Nigerian goerning officials by Jeffrey Tesler be considered facilitating payments or speed m maveny nether the terms of the Foreign Corrupt Practices telephone number? Answer After this all came out in June 2004, Halliburton promptly fired Jack Stanley and severed its long-standing birth with Jeffrey Tesler, asking its three partners in the Nigeria consortium to do the same. The United States justness Department took things further, establishing a luxurious jury investigation to determine if Halliburton, through its KBR subsidiary, had been in violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In November 2004 the Justice Department widened its investigation to include payments in connection with the Nigeria fertilizer plant that Kellogg had been involved with during the 1980s under the leadership of Jack Stanley. In March 2005, the Justice Department also stated that it was looking at whether Jack Stanley had tried to coordinate bidding wit h rivals and fix prices on certain foreign construction projects. As of mid 2007, the U.S. investigation was still ongoing.2 Irrespective of the legality of any payments that whitethorn have been do by Tesler, do you think it is was reasonable for KBR to hire him as anintermediary? Answer Teslers involvement in the project might have remained unknown were it not for an unrelated event. Georges Krammer, an employee of the French company Technip, which along with KBR was a member of the consortium, was charged by the French government for embezzlement. When Technip ref utilize to defend Krammer, he staveed around and visionary what he perceived to be Technips dirty linen. This included the payments to Tesler to secure the Nigeria LNG look ats.3. Given the known rotting of the Abacha government in Nigeria, should Kellogg and its successor, KBR, have had a policy in place to deal with bribery and decomposition? What might that policy have looked like?Answer It is not known whether a bribe was rattling give. What is known is that in December 1995, Nigeria awarded the $2 billion contract to the KBR consortium. The LNG plant soon became a success. Nigeria assure to build a second plant in 1999, two more in 2002, and a ordinal in July 2004. KBR rehired Jeffrey Tesler in 1999 and again in 2001 to help secure the new contracts, all of which it won. In total, Tesler was paid more or less $132.3 million from 1994 through to early on 2004 by the KBR consortium.4. Should Kellogg have walked away from the Nigerian LNG project erstwhile it became clear that the payment of bribes might be required to secure the contract? Answer The KBR consortium was one of two to submit a bid on the initial contract, and its bid was the lower of the two. By early 1995 the KBR consortium was deep in final negotiations on the contract. It was at this point that Nigerias anoint diplomatic minister had a falling out with the countrys military dictator, General Abacha, and was repla ced by Dan Etete. Etete proved to be far less accommodating to the KBR consortium, and suddenly the entire deal looked to be in jeopardy. According to somewhat observers, Dan Etete was a tough customer who immediately began to use his influence over the LNG project for personal gain. Whether this is accredited or not, what is known is that the KBR consortium quickly entered into a contract with the British attorney, Jeffrey Tesler. The contract, signed by a Kellogg executive, called on Tesler to obtain government permits for the LGN project, maintain good relations with government officials, and provide advice on gross sales strategy. Teslers fee for these services was $60 million.5. There is evidence that Jack Stanley, the former head of M.W. Kellogg and KBR, may have taken kick support payments from Tesler. At least one other former Kellogg employee, Wojciech Chodan, may have taken kickback payments. What does this tell you about the possible nature of the ethical climate at Kellogg and then KBR? Answer This turn of events led French and Swiss officials to investigate Teslers Swiss bank accounts. They discovered that Tesler was kicking back some of the funds he received to executives in the consortium and subcon-tractors. One of the alleged kickbacks was a impartation of $5 million from Teslers account to that of Albert J. Jack Stanley, who was head of M.W. Kellogg and then Halliburtons KBR unit. Tesler also transferred some $2.5 million into Swiss bank accounts held under a false name by the Nigerian oil minister, Dan Etete. Other payments included a $1 million transfer into an account controlled by Wojciech Chodan, the former Kellogg executive whose extensive hand-written notes suggest the payment of a bribe to General Abacha and payment of $5 million to a German subcontractor on the LNG project in exchange for information and advice.6. Should Halliburton be called into account if it is shown that its KBR unit used bribery to gain business in Nigeria ? To what extent should a corporation and its officers be held accountable for ethically suspect activities by the managers in one of its subsidiaries, particularly given that many of those activities were initiated before the subsidiary was have by Halliburton? Answer In early 2005, however, Halliburton put KBR up for sale. The sale was seen as an attempt by Halliburton to distance itself from several dirts that had engulfed KBR. One of these concerned allegations that KBR had systematically overcharged the Pentagon for services it provided to the U.S. military in Iraq.Another scandal centered on the Nigerian LNG plants and involved KBR employees, several former officials of the Nigeria government, and a mysterious British lawyer called Jeffrey Tesler. The roots of the Nigerian scandal date back to 1994 when Kellogg and its consortium partners were trying to win an initial contract from the Nigerian government to build two LNG plants. The contract was valued at around $2 billion. from each one of the four firms held a 25 percent stake in the consortium, and each had veto power over its decisions. Kellogg employees held many of the top positions at the consortium, and two of the other members, Technip of France and JGC of Japan, have claimed that Kellogg managed the consortium (the fourth member, ENI of Italy, has not do any statement regarding management).